Prime Minister Scott Morrison has been dealing with attacks on all fronts lately, with tense diplomatic relations with China, a standoff with tech companies over privacy and news data, and even domestic issues like the economy and social conflict. With everything going a little haywire for the island nation, there is still a spot of calm in the storm when it comes to the mining industry.

The government has a world-leading critical mineral and resources sector that has buoyed the economy for decades. Jobs and economic opportunities are the two things Morrison needs to balance the scales of minor chaos in Australia, and the mining industry is prepared to deliver both. 

Proclamations

On March 4th, the Prime Minister’s office announced a 10-year plan to capitalise on Australia’s access to resources, particularly metals like lithium, which will be needed to manufacture many new technologies. Battery manufacturers, electric vehicles, and every device being made around the world require these metals to be mined and processed for use in their products. 

The countries and companies that best take advantage of this opportunity are the ones that will see revenues from mining activities soar over the coming decades as demand only continues to accelerate. With this plan, Morrison is planning to make humble and often unassuming, but ever-important Australia a key player in the fight for resource dominance in the industry. 

The Plan

It’s called The Resources Technology and Critical Minerals Processing road map, which probably could have been shortened for a cool acronym (Americans do that best: CARES Act). The plan lays out how businesses will be an important piece in rebuilding the economy post-pandemic, and that manufacturing should play a key role in that process. 

Making Things

This plan is important because it will create jobs, and make things. Countries the world over are trying to figure out how they might jumpstart their economies the right way, and quickly, pumping stimulus into the economy and even handing out cash. That works for some time, but at some point, someone has to make something. 

One of the misconceptions about the modern economy in the developed world is that everything runs smoothly even if we just make software and consult. Services are important, but in the words of Elon Musk: “If you don’t make stuff, there is no stuff.” The mining industry makes a LOT of stuff, and it is extremely valuable for all of the key products shaping the future of the world, particularly the technologies enabling us to work from home, drive around without emitting greenhouse gases, and storing the energy needed to power our homes, offices, and everything else. 

Central Tenets

The plan highlights that manufacturing businesses and jobs will be central to Australia’s National Economic Recovery Plan as the country builds it back from the COVID-19 recession. Australia wants to make a lot of lithium and other technology metals, and they’re prepared to back any miner willing to step up to the plate. 

The government is making it clear that the mining industry is a particular priority: Minister for Resources, Water and Northern Australia Keith Pitt said it also complements the Government’s Critical Minerals Strategy.

“The Government is committed to bringing on new supplies of critical minerals and developing this emerging sector to meet growing global demand,” he said.

“Developing our critical minerals processing capability will ensure Australian companies can move down the value chain, getting greater value out of the products they produce.”

The Roadmap also identifies how we can develop our resources technology to maximize efficiencies in our high-performing resources sector.

“Our focus on resource technology will also support the development of new ideas to improve mine productivity, process efficiency, and safety. As the sector’s productivity grows so does the Australian economy, benefiting all Australians,” Minister Pitt said.

Two-Pronged Approach

On top of this 10-year roadmap for resources that will boost the mining industry, the $1.3 billion Modern Manufacturing Initiative will be providing funding for manufacturers to scale up production, commercialise products, and tap into global supply chains. Lithium miners like Galaxy Resources will be able to tap into the funding if needed, and with the taps turned on in this way, the important mineral will be available for export and use in the high-technology and electrification industries.

Changing Tides

With the electrification of the global economy picking up, lithium is of particular interest for its use in batteries (lithium-ion), and other electricity-conducting needs. Companies like Tesla have called for increased clean and socially responsible mining of nickel, copper, and lithium, putting Australia and the companies operating in the country in a great position. All of the lithium mining companies preparing or ramping up their operations will surely see the benefits trickle down to every part of their company for stakeholders at every level. Now they just have to start. 

The above references an opinion and is for information purposes only. It is not intended to be investment advice. Seek a licensed professional for investment advice. The author is not an insider or shareholder of any of the companies mentioned above. 

Elon Musk’s Tesla is the industry leader not only for electric cars but for autonomous driving. Tesla also produces its batteries at Gigafactories (manufactured by Panasonic), innovating on battery technology while manufacturing batteries to use in its own products. Lithium-ion batteries are the preferred choice for Tesla, and these batteries have been chosen for some very specific reasons. 

The Leading Choice

Li-ion has higher power, small size, and this power density allows them to store more energy for use in electronic devices and components from smartphones to transmitters. The popularity of li-ion batteries has also driven the metals used to make the batteries (copper and nickel) to greater popularity, taking the mining companies extracting and processing them along for the ride. 

Miners To The Rescue

Musk knows this and has even publicly called on nickel miners to bring him a clean production plan to meet his companies’ demands now, and in the future. A few companies have answered the call, and Tesla will have its eye out for more options, but there may be a key player on the other side of the planet that Elon Musk may have overlooked: Tsingshan Holding Group.

Supply and Demand Concerns

The trade war between China and the US had investors and the mining sector generally concerned, but with that largely behind us, nickel miners can focus on the road ahead. That road, it seems, is paved with the opportunities of the electric demand driver with seemingly limitless horsepower. 

To meet the demand of battery makers and electric car manufacturers like Tesla and traditional car companies entering the space, nickel mining is ramping up, and some of the biggest international players like Tsingshan are entering the game.

A Behemoth Enters The Ring

It’s not clear who David is in this scenario, but one thing is certain: Tsingshan Holding Group is Goliath. The company is already a major miner and processor of nickel ore, converting it to nickel pig iron to feed its stainless steel mill. While maintaining its stainless steel projects, Tsingshan will also use a different processing route for their proposed 50,000-tonne per year battery-materials plant. Tsingshan will supply the nickel and process it to nickel hydroxide intermediates made to be converted to nickel sulphate. This is the final nickel form of choice for lithium-ion battery makers. 

Supply Changes Mean Price Changes

Having such a major player enter the nickel space at this scale will spell trouble not just for nickel miners around the world and particularly in the Asia-Pacific region, but nickel prices in general. Tech companies and battery manufacturers will continue to scoop up more nickel every year, so what remains to be seen is whether supply can ever really outstrip the massive and exponentially increasing global demand for nickel. 

Other Risks Loom

Research into lithium-ion batteries and the underpinning technology is another main risk to nickel prices and producers in the coming years. Researchers at the Georgia Institute of Technology are looking into new cathode and electrolytes to replace the expensive metals and traditional liquid electrolyte with lower-cost transition metal fluorides and a solid polymer electrolyte, cutting the need for transition metals like cobalt and nickel out of the process.

Typically, the transfer of lithium ions between an anode and cathode (made of lithium), is facilitated by transition metals such as cobalt, nickel, and manganese. This new metal fluoride and solid polymer electrolyte system would reduce the need for those metals, cutting into the industry’s plans. 

The Future Approaches

The research conducted now aimed at developing new and improved battery technologies may bring innovations that change the needs of the battery manufacturing industry and the technology industries that buy so many of their products. Electric car manufacturers like Tesla will continue to look for the best options for their cars, the technology in them, and their bottom lines, and if a better, denser, and long-lasting battery technology presents itself, then the industry is likely to shift in that direction. 

For now, the industry, traders, and investors are waiting to see how things play out on the research side as new technologies continue to be researched and eventually developed for use. In the meantime, Elon Musk may want to look into Tsingshan Holding Group if he hasn’t already; he might just find the reliable nickel mining and processing partner he’s been looking for. 

The above references an opinion and is for information purposes only. It is not intended to be investment advice. Seek a licensed professional for investment advice. The author is not an insider or shareholder of any of the companies mentioned above. 

As far as investment managers go, Cathie Wood is both an outlier and an insider. She runs a $60 billion dollar firm, Ark Investment Management, and while the fund has been a smaller player in past years, the firm has AUM of over $60 billion as of February 2021. Her rapid growth comes on the heels of a growing popularity and a willingness to ride trends that passive funds would not be willing to take advantage of. 

Ark’s focus is ETFs, giving her the structure and reputation to manage the portfolio actively, and in full transparency. The firm, and Wood in particular is known for her bold and confident convictions, and she’s on the record as a contrarian on a number of investment opinions. ARK has gone from being an arguably middling player in 2020 to being the seventh largest exchange-traded fund issuer in the $5.9 trillion industry. This time last year, Ark was managing $3.6 billion in ETF assets.

Growth Is Not Over

With fresh inflows of cash, comes the need for fresh ideas, and at this unrelenting pace, Cathie Wood is moving to generate as many ideas as possible. Recently, she’s had some opinions about the red-hot markets and where there might be a bubble. While consensus in some circles seems to be that equities are overvalued and verging on or already sitting in bubble territory, Wood has some other ideas. 

Two big takeaways from a recent interview were her view that it is fixed income that is in a bubble, not equities, as equity outflows have been quite consistent since 2008/2009 and that money has been flowing into the fixed income space for some time. The other was that contrary to there being a bubble, she sees healthy equity growth ahead. Her take? Massive stimulus, positive profit expectations, and copper will drive growth for 2021 and beyond. 

The Insider

Cathie Wood knows a thing or two about mining, and tech metals in particular. She has a track record of picking innovative companies for her $28 billion ARK Innovation ETF that is up more than 24% YTD. The ARK Autonomous Technology and Robotics ETF is up 29% so far this year, proving her knowledge and skill in the tech sector is not just a fluke. 

Bullish on Elon Musk

In a March 3rd Reuters article about her interview on Benzinga’s YouTube channel, Cathie is noted to be bullish on Tesla for the time being and seemingly far into the future. Her view is that the company founded and headed by Elon Musk is a leader for the autonomous vehicle space, and as such she’ll be keeping the company in her Ark Innovation fund’s portfolio. Tesla accounts for roughly 10% of the fund’s portfolio, proving her confidence in the electric-vehicle maker and its CEO Elon Musk.

Red Metal On Fire

Her overarching view on tech and innovation continues when it comes to metals, as she selects it as one of her top areas for growth this year. Wood’s focus on the tech industry and electric vehicle makers gives her the insights into what those companies and industries will demand over the coming years, including valuable metals like copper. 

The red metal has been on a tear lately, benefitting miners around the world, and as demand increases for copper from tech companies, parts suppliers, and battery makers, copper miners will be increasing production while reaping the rewards of the higher prices. 

The above references an opinion and is for information purposes only. It is not intended to be investment advice. Seek a licensed professional for investment advice. The author is not an insider or shareholder of any of the companies mentioned above.